sumatran elephant adaptations
The only predator of baby Sumatran elephant is a Sumatran tiger. … How Do Elephants Use Adaptations for Getting Their Food? Frequently these areas result in holes that are several feet deep and vital minerals are made accessible to other animals. Sumatran rhino adaptations give this species some sort of favor to survive safely fighting the adversity of the nature and other dangers. The simplicity of the elephant's digestive system is illustrated in part by the stomach. According to the WWF (World Wildlife Fund), the total Sumatran elephant population size is around 2,400-2,800 wild individuals. Another adaptation that the Asian Elephants have developed is the proper distribution of weight while walking to equalize the pressure exerted by their massive bodies. The Sumatran elephant’s most important adaptation is it’s trunk. This source picked from Student Resources in Context offers detailed content in context that’s updated daily to meet the needs of readers. Sign up for free to create engaging, inspiring, and converting videos with Powtoon. Other Adaptations Elephants are largely crepuscular, meaning they are most active at dawn and at twilight, when the sun is lower in the sky and temperatures are cooler. Diet • Sumatran elephant eats plants and seeds and mostly bananas. The Sumatran Tiger has evolved to be the right size to catch large prey, but small enough to fit into tight crevices to avoid danger such as an angry elephant. When you're a large creature with a short neck, a trunk is an extremely useful part of your anatomy. The Sumatran elephant is smaller than it’s African cousin and lives on the island of Sumatra. HarimauKita: Sumatran Tiger Conservation Forum; Liu & al., “Genome-Wide Evolutionary Analysis of Natural History and Adaptation in the World’s Tigers”, Current Biology 28, 1-10, December 18. Instead, they usually avoid ants and bees. Between 1985 to 2015, a 30 year difference, the population number of the elephants decreased 50% from roughly 4800 to about 2400. Without these curved talons, the Sumatran tiger wouldn't be able to grab onto fast prey. With a stranger appearance to their African cousins, the Sumatran Elephant is almost completely bald with small rounded ears. There are many interesting facts about the Sumatran elephant. Sumatran Elephants’ weight varies from 2.25 to 5.5 tons per individual. Why are they endangered? These animals possess 20 rib pairs, as opposed to other Asian elephants, having 19 rib pairs. Researchers recognize three different subspecies, the Indian Elephant, the Sumatran Elephant, and the Sri Lankan Elephant. • Their long sensitive whiskers help the Sumatran Tigers increase their senses for hunting their prey. Sumatran elephants are known to have 2 sleeping periods during the day - midnight and during the daytime hours. The Differences Between Sumatran Elephant And African Elephant This friendly face and glazed-eyed mammal is known as a large, tall, and grayish body animal that widely spread across the continents of Asia and Africa. It is found in a very limited area in the island of Sumatra. My name is Raflesia and I am the youngest member of the Sumatran elephant family here at Australia Zoo. These elephants may be active at any time of the day, although the period of increased activity seems to occur from 2 hours before late afternoon till 2 hours before dawn, during which they look for food. In 2007, the total Sumatran elephant population was estimated to be around 2,400-2,800. Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) are one of four species of Asian elephant. They use them to strip bark and soft wood off trees, which they subsequently eat. | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate How an Elephant's Ears Help Control Its Temperature, Animals That Can Go Long Periods Without Water, Classifications of the Cicada Killer Wasp. However, elephants are able to move both forwards and backwards. In order to cool off and protect their skin from bites of extoparacyte insects, these elephants regularly wallow in the mud, usually at afternoon and during the daytime hours. sumatran elephant, zoo, jakarta - sumatran elephant stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images aceh - sumatran elephant stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images Mahout's member of the Elephant Response Units for the protection of Sumatran elephants giving the bath to the elephants … Sumatran Rhinoceros The Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), once ranged through rainforests, swamps and cloud forests in India, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia and islands in Indonesia. They are found most often in the savannas, grasslands, and forests of Africa and Asia. The name Proboscidea derives from the proboscis, or trunk; the name elephant derives from the Greek words for a large arch, referring to the elephant's arched back supported by pillar-like legs. To carry their heavy, 150-pound to 300-pound bodies from branch to branch, they have strong, very long arms. The age of sexual maturity is 8 - 10 years old for females and 12 - 15 years old for males. One is they have a preview or a mobile and flexible, upper lip. Humans poach the massive animals for their ivory tusks, which are very valuable in … Read on to learn about the Asian Elephant. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Baby Sumatr. Old adult males are completely solitary due to being unable to travel with the herds. According to the World Wildlife Foundation, the Sumatran elephant is one of our planet's most critically endangered species. Sumatran elephants are herbivores. These animals may breed at any time of the year with a peak period, occurring during the rainy season. They are listed by the IUCN as Critically Endangered; owing to the fact they have lost half their habitat in only one generation and in the same time their population has plummeted by 80%. Sumatran Tigers are solitary animals and can be found together during a mating season or when a female raises her cubs. Adaptations. During the daytime hours, they sleep standing under the shelter of … The Sumatran Elephant In 2020. Meanwhile, females continue living with the herd, where they serve as 'nannies'. Weaning occurs at about 3 years old. This species lives in various parts of southern Asia. Population: 2400 – 2800 Location: Borneo and Sumatra Habitats: Broadleaf moist tropical forests. Make an Impact. Where does the sumtran elephant live? I am always front and centre whenever there is something happening as I am a real attention hog. Although Asian elephants have smaller ears than their African cousins, the process is still as effective. Sumatran elephants have a lifespan of 60 – 75 years in the wild. Tusks of female elephants are extremely short, usually being hidden under the upper lip. Mammals usually share the common trait of a pleural cavity; the space between the pleura, in which the lungs are situated. Almost all of these animals have non-visible tusks. It is up to you to adapt the environment to meet the needs of the animal to ensure it can repopulate and thrive before releasing it back into its natural habitat. However, these elephants continue to suffer from loss of their habitat and increasing conflicts with humans. During the first 2 years of its life, the calf feeds upon maternal milk. Sumatran elephant’s diet includes grasses, barks, fruits, leaves, seeds, and shoots. Males of Sumatran elephant generally exhibit visible tusks, which don't tend to grow long. Due to their enormous weight, these animals are unable to get all of their four limbs off the ground simultaneously. Asian elephants much less Sumatran elephants are significantly smaller than the African elephants. 1 Feb. 2014. Elephant behavior adaptation. Owing to the sheer size of the magnificent elephant, certain adaptations have had to be made respecting their respiratory system. The Sumatran elephants are highly sociable animals, forming herds of 20 - 35 or 3 - 23 (according to another source) individuals, which are dominated by the largest adult female. The Sumatran Elephant population has severely declined as they have lost more than 80% of their natural habitat to deforestation for palm oil plantations. . [featuring an interesting map of the historical range of all tiger species]. The Sumatran elephant’s welfare is the priority for the lodge, the park has clearly implemented a high standard of care for these gorgeous Sumatran elephants. Their lacking eye sight has to be overcome so the elephant uses its keen sense of smell and hearing to help compensate. Web. Sumatran elephants are strictly herbivorous and consume approximately 150 kg (330 lb) of plant matter each day. There are lots of ways that the Sumatran Tigers can adapt to their environment Physical Adaptation • The physical way of their adaptation is that they can camouflage well in their environment with their skin colors. Those affected often kill or seriously harm the elephants to keep their attacks at bay. The remaining population in Sumatra nowadays occupies seven provinces. However, they do allow other males to periodically cross their home ranges. Little is known about the mating and reproductive behavior of Sumatran elephants. Although they're technically prey animals, rather than predatory ones, adults are so large that they're invulnerable to attacks from wild animals. When a group travels, its members constantly keep in touch in order to keep integrity of the herd. It is pre-eminently threatened by habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation, and poaching; over 69% of potential elephant habitat has been lost within the last 25 years. Behavior of the Sumatran Elephant Sumatran elephants are very social animals. The Sumatran elephant is critically endangered. The Sumatran elephant was declared critically endangered four years ago in 2012. When reaching the age of adolescence, males are either forced to leave the herd or do it by their own will, typically joining the herd only for mating. Sumatran elephants roam around the jungle pushing over trees. Almost all of these animals have non-visible tusks. Ex: Over time, African elephants have hollowed out deep caverns in a volcano mountainside on the Ugandan border, to obtain salt licks and minerals. When in rivers, they usually drink water with their mouth. Elephants' massive size is a great anti-predator adaptation. According to a recent study, these animals are able to give out subsonic sounds, perceived at a distance of up to 5 km. Elephant Hawk Moth Facts, Habitat, Diet, Life Cycle, Baby, Pictures Elephants live in hot conditions and need to be able to cool themselves down. Sumatran elephants have lightly wrinkled skin with hairs all over the body and have brighter skin than other subspecies. There are lots of ways that the Sumatran Tigers can adapt to their environment Physical Adaptation • The physical way of their adaptation is that they can camouflage well in their environment with their skin colors. Sumatran Elephant Conservation Centers (initiated 2000) In Sumatra, the northern-most island of Indonesia, the significant reduction of forests and a threefold increase in the human population over the last two decades have placed Sumatran Asian elephant populations in jeopardy, evidenced by the escalation of conflicts between elephants and humans. Sources. Orangutans are the only ape species that live in trees full-time. In 2012 there were fewer than 2,000 Sumatran elephant left in the wild making it critically endangered and that number continues to decrease at an alarming rate. The extremely long canines are used to jab into the victim's neck, puncturing the airways. Gestation period lasts for 19 - 21 months, yielding a single baby every 4 years. However, elephants seem to be dwarfs when compared to whales: the tongue of a blue whale may be as heavy as an adult elephant. Females are not territorial and are rarely seen protecting their areas. The Sumatran Elephant’s primary habitat is in lush forests and jungles. They feed on the green vegetation and deposit seeds in these areas, contributing to the ecosystem. Sumatran Elephant Wikipedia article -, 2. For critically endangered Sumatran elephants, a long-term conservation strategy must include community involvement in mitigating human-elephant conflict, … Your school has been selected to inhabit an endangered species. There are two distinct species of elephants: African elephants (Loxodonta africana) and Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Males are strictly territorial and do not allow other males to settle on their territory. © 2021 WILD SKY MEDIA. Their tusks can also help them to survive through dry spells, as they use them to bore down into the earth and find water in dry riverbeds. Due to the deforestation in Sumatra, it’s not uncommon for elephants to come in contact with humans and cause trouble. Sumatran elephants are the smallest Asian elephants, meanwhile differing from the other 2 sub-species morphologically, anatomically and genetically by brighter skin with less de-pigmented spots. This species’ numbers are decreasing and the animal is currently classified as Critically Endangered (CR) on the IUCN Red List. Elephants are grayish to brown in color, and their body hair is sparse and coarse. These habitats are usually shared with the Sumatran Tiger, Sumatran Rhinoceros and Orangutans. That is why wildlife conservation is needed to help maintain the biodiversity and ecological integrity of the ecosystem, so that … The Sumatran Elephant is listed as Critically Endangered. Sumatran elephant also is an ‘Flagship Species’ for its habitats and represent biodiversity in complex ecosystem in where they live. One of the biggest threats to the population of this species is turning of their natural range into farmlands and human settlements, which leads to conflicts between the elephants and humans, resulting in removal and large numbers of mortality among populations in the wild. 70% of the Sumatran elephant’s habitat has been lost in one generation. The Sumatran Elephant is the smallest of all elephants and unlike the larger elephants, the highest point is on the head. When sleeping at midnight, they lie down on their side, using an underlay of soft grass. As its name suggests, the Sumatran elephant is found exclusively on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Although they're technically prey animals, rather than predatory ones, adults are so large that they're invulnerable to attacks from wild animals. The Sumatran elephant is the rarest of the three subspecies, being classified as critically endangered. The elephant then places dislodged pieces of soil into its mouth, to obtain nutrients. The Sumatran Elephant is extremely rare today, with estimates in 2,000 putting Sumatran elephant numbers at just over 2,000 individuals. The trunk serves many purposes, some of which are gathering food and water from the ground and bringing it to the mouth, smelling, and spraying water on the skin. They flap their large ears to help cool the blood in their capillaries and distribute the cooler blood through their bodies. Another adaptation that the Asian Elephants have developed is the proper distribution of weight while walking to equalize the pressure exerted by their massive bodies. Elephants have a trunk, two tusks, two eyes, two ears and two lumps on their head. “The battle to save Sumatra’s elephants from extinction.” CNN Wire 24 Oct. 2013.Student Resources in Context. Elephants can suck up to 9 litters of water at a time. Contents 4. The Sumatran rhino has a number of adaptations that help it survive and live in its natural habitat. There are several adaptations of Sumatra rhinoceros that help it survive and live in a natural habitat. Elephants' massive size is a great anti-predator adaptation. Not only does it help elephants to reach food high up in branches, it also allows them to get to food and water on the ground, which they otherwise wouldn't be able to access. Sumatran elephants are known to have 2 sleeping periods during the day - midnight and during the daytime hours. Unbelievably, not much digestion takes place in the stomach, but it acts in the capacity of storage. Generally smaller than African elephants, the Sumatran subspecies typically reaches a shoulder height of 6.6 to 10.5 feet, weighs between 4,400 and 8,800 pounds and can live up to 70 years in captivity. They can also be found close to rivers and in hill forests depending on the season. In addition, they can snore when tired. Although their tusks can bring elephants some trouble, as they're mainly poached for their ivory, they're also very useful. This process can lower their blood temperature by more than 10 degrees Fahrenheit. What Adaptations Help Jackrabbits Stay Cool in the Desert. They can also pick up a log using just their trunk and their tusks. PDF | Citation: Furstenburg, D. 2010. The greatest threats include loss and fragmentation of habitat, human-elephant conflicts, and poaching. A critically endangered Sumatran elephant gave birth Monday to a calf at the Tangkahan Resort Special Animal Training Center of Mount Leuser National Park (TNGL Center). The species often has no tusks or very short tusks unlike other elephant species. Sumatran elephant, which has a scientific name Elephas maximus sumatranus, is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant and also native to the Indonesia island of Sumatra.. Today only a few populations remain, survivors existing in isolation from one another in what is left of the originally extensive lowland rainforests. Their new home has been … • Also pumpkins. They have long tails that sometimes touch the ground, relatively large ears, and straighter tusks. ny time of the year, peak occures during the rainy season, 1. Adult elephants have very few predators, except humans, due to their massive size and superior strength. Females do not reproduce after reaching 60 years age. Focus on the African elephant (Loxodonta africana). Despite a common opinion, elephants are no afraid of mice. To stop calves being harmed, adults in a herd will group the young together and form a protective circle around them. The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus)is a subspecies of Asian elephant native to rainforests of Sumatra. Physical Adaptations. They trample homes, raid plantations and ruin crops, and sometimes hurt or kill people. Asian elephants adaptations to their environments include developing cooling mechanisms like big ears growing up to six sets of new teeth to support their herbivorous diet and learning ways to communicate using low frequency vibrations to compensate for their small eyes and poor eyesight. You will select one endangered species with your group and develop an … When coming across paddy fields or farmlands, Sumatran elephants may also use paddy, sugar cane, young coconut leaves as well as different fruits such as papaya. It is of an unusual cylindrical shape, with the middle region being partly glandular. The Sumatran Elephant is the smallest subspecies, but the largest mammal existing on the island of Sumatra. Sumatran Elephant Facts. The Asian Elephant, also known as the Asiatic Elephant, is one of the three living species of elephants. Sumatran elephants have lightly wrinkled skin with hairs all over the body and have brighter skin than other subspecies. They play a critical role in healthy forest ecosystems by acting as seed dispersers. Other facts Save it! Hence, they cannot trot, jump and gallop. Since they're unable to sweat, they've adapted another solution. • Their long sensitive whiskers help the Sumatran Tigers increase their senses for hunting their prey. 3. These elephants are anatomically and genetically unique from any other subspecies of Asian elephants. In addition, they use them to dig in the ground and uncover salts and other minerals that are vital to their diets. Sumantran Elephant 1. The Sumatran Elephant is the smallest subspecies, but the largest mammal existing on the island of Sumatra. These elephants are anatomically and genetically unique from any other subspecies of Asian elephants. There are many interesting facts about the Sumatran elephant. Physical Adaptations. The Sumatran Tiger In 2020. The stomach is a simple sac that is oriented almost vertically. As they walk they use their roaring and infrasonic sounds to communicate. They use infrasonic sounds to communicate with each other. Elephants are very protective of their young. It picks them of the trees. However, the Sumatran elephant population has severely declined as they have lost more than 80% of their natural habitat to deforestation for palm oil plantations. Males rarely have long tusks, and female's tusks… Amazing Facts About the Sumatran Elephant. Unfortunately, the Sumatran elephant’s population in its habitat is only 2,400-2800 and is classified as critically endangered by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) in 2011. Empower Her. They dwell in lowland forest of Sumatra in province of Riau, West Sumatra, and Lampung, most of it is outside a protected area. Contents What does a sumatran elephant eat? The Borneo elephant is believed to be a fourth subspecies. Although the Asian elephant has many adaptations that help it flourish in its natural habitat, there is one adaptation that holds back the elephant in its habitat. A baby elephant is called a calf; the females are called cows. Sumatran Elephant on The IUCN Red List site -, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatran_elephant, http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/199856/0. Quick Facts. When sleeping at midnight, they lie down on their side, using an underlay of soft grass. The living elephant species are contained within a single family, the Elephantidae, and are the sole remaining representatives of the mammalian order Proboscidea. In 2003, mitochondrial DNA analysis and microsatellite data indicated that the Borneo elephant population is derived from stock that originated in the region of the Sunda Islands. Eyes- The size of the Asian elephant's eyes is so small that their eye sight suffers. Claws The Sumatran tiger's claws have adapted to hook and tear flesh. sumatranus) is the subspecies of Asian Elephant, one of two species of elephant in the world. An adult elephant can eat up to 130kg of food per day. Shape The World. Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species. Sumatran rhinoceroses are now critically endangered with only 6 substantial populations in the wild, four on Sumatra, one on Borneo and one on peninsular Malaysia.